I SEMESTER
Paper 1.1; Biochemistry-1
1. Measurement
4h
International system of unit – Derived units. Subsidiary units. Significant
figures. Dimensional
analysis. Exponential notation. (graphical representation of
data Errors in quantative analysis.
2. Atomic Structure
4h
Electromagnetic radiation. Wave particle duahty - The Broglic
equation. The Heisenberg uncertainty
principal. The Schrodinger wawe equation. Qusntuin numbers.
Atomic orbitals and thir shapes. The Pauli’s Exclusion principal. Hund’s rule.
The Anthan process. Electronic Configuration of the elerort.
3. Periodic Classification
3h
Trends in the periodic table animicradii, iooization energy,
electro negativity and electron affinity.
Concept of oxidation number and its compotation.
4. Chemical Banding
8h
Ionic bond-energetics, Born Haber cycle. Covalent bond- Valence
bond theory. Hybridizationexample;
methane, ammonia, water, ethane and ethylene. Sigma and pi bond.
Concept of Resonance.
Molecular orbital theory. Properties of covalent molecules bond
length, bond and angel. Polarity of
molecules. Coordinate bond. Vander wall’s forces. Hydrogen
bonds; inter and intra molecular types,
importance in bioruolecules. Hydrophobic forces.
5. Radioactivity
7h
Natural and artificial radioactivity. Detection of
radioactivity. Characteristics of radio elements.
Disintegration constant. Half-life. Tracer techniques-production
of labeled C P and compounds and
their application in biological studies. Biological effects of
radiation emitted by isotopes, safety
measures.
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6. Solutions and Colligative Properties.
6h
Concentration units – molarity, molality, normality and mole
fraction. Types of solution, -
homogenous and heterogeneous. Factors influencing solubility,
solubility curves, Henery Lawapplications.
Osmotic Pressure and its measurement by the Berkley-Hartley
method Laws of osmotic
pressure. Hypo-hyper and isotonic solutions. Effect of osmotic
pressure on living cells. Donnan
membrane equilibrium. Relative lowering of vapour pressure.
Rahult’s law. Elevation of boiling point,
depression in freezing point and their applications in the
determination of molecular weight.
Abnormal molecular weights. Vant Hoff factor. Degree of
association, Degree of dissociation.
7.Electrolytic Dissociation and Mass Law 8h
Strong and weak electrolytic. Activity and activity coefficient.
Realationship between activity
coefficient and ionic strength. Common ion effect,
Electrochemical series and applications. Nernst equation. Standard electrode
potentials. Electrochemical series and applications. Reference electrodes.
Ion selective electrodes and their applications.
8. Acids, Bases and Buffers
6h
Modern concepts of acids and bases. Ionisation of acids.
Dissociation of water. Ionic product of water.
Hydrogen in concentration-pH. Determination of pH. Dissociation
of weak acids.Effocts of salt on
dissociation of acids. Interaction of acide with bases. Dipolar
ions and isoelectric pH of amino acids
and proteins. Buffers buffer equation, buffer capacity. Problems
on preparation of buffer solutions.
Buffers of blood plasma, red blood cells and tissue fluids. Use
of buffers. Determination of pH
colorimetric method based on use of indicators, limitations. Use
buffer solution and indicator.
9. Adsorption 3h
Adsorption of gases by solids by solids. Heat of adsorption.
Freudlich and language adsorption
isotherm with derivations. Applications of adsorption.
10. Biopolymers 3h
Classification. The polymeteization process. Number-average and
weight-average molecular weights.
Molecular weight determination by osmometry and light scaliering
techniques.
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11. Viscosity of Liquids 2h
Determination of viscosity of liquids using Oswald’s viscometer.
Relation of viscosity and shape of molecules. Examples.
12. Surface tension
1h
Defination determination of surface tention of liquids using
Staingmometor. Effect of surfactants.
I Semester Biochemistry Practical
1. Use of analytical balance and Calibration of weights.
2. Cleaning and calibration of glassware.
3. Preparation of standard potassium biphthalato and
estimatetion of alkali.
4. Preparation of standard sodium oxalate and estimation of
potassium permanganate.
5. Preparation of standard potassium dichromat solution and
estimation of sodium thiosulphate.
6. Estimation of hardness of water using Zinc sulphate solution
to be prepared).
7. Gravimetric estimation of sulphate
8. Gravimetric estimation of Magnesium
9. Estimation of nitrogen in biological samples by Microkeldail
method
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